Using foaming agent in concrete is a common method of producing a lightweight concrete. The density of this type of concrete varies from a few pounds per cubic foot to over ten thousand pounds per square foot. These concretes are used in a variety of applications, such as void filling, pipe filling, and a number of other construction processes.
A foaming agent is a liquid or solid material that generates air bubbles. When these bubbles are surrounded by a layer of foam, they do not collapse easily. In addition, the foam structure contains active proteins that provide good strength. The dilution ratio of the foaming agent has a large impact on the foam's properties.
The foaming agent in a concrete mix can be made from several different materials. It can be manufactured using chemicals, which are typically supplied in powder form. It can also be a physical agent, such as a low-boiling-point liquid. It can be a synthetic agent, which includes petroleum products. Some of the more common foaming agents include benzenesulfonyl hydrazide (BSH), a sodium bicarbonate, azodicarbonamide, and calcium azide.
For foam concrete, a combination of cement, sand, and foaming agent is combined. The mixture is then pumped into a mould or structural element. It takes a few hours to fully harden. Then, it can be released from the mould and poured into the desired location.
Foam concrete has a long history. Initially, it was considered weak and nondurable. However, advances in manufacturing equipment and foaming agents have led to its use on a larger scale.
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